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| Nonallergic rhinitis ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Nonallergic rhinitis
Nonallergic rhinitis involves symptoms including chronic sneezing or having a congested, drippy nose without an identified allergic reaction. Other common terms for nonallergic rhinitis are vasomotor rhinitis and perennial rhinitis. The prevalence of nonallergic rhinitis in otolaryngology is 40%. Allergic rhinitis is more common than nonallergic rhinitis; however, both conditions have similar presentation, manifestation and treatment. Nasal itching and paroxysmal sneezing are usually with nonallergic rhinitis in comparison to allergic rhinitis.〔"Vasomotor rhinitis ''Medline Plus". Nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2014-04-23.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Characteristics of Human Turbinate-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Not Affected by Allergic Condition of Donor. - PubMed - NCBI )〕
== Pathophysiology ==
Nasal mucosa has rich blood supply and has venous sinusoids or "lakes" surrounded by smooth muscle fibers. These smooth muscle fibers act as sphincters and control the filling and emptying of sinusoids. Sympathetic stimulation causes vasoconstriction and shrinkage of mucosa, which leads to decongestion of nose. Parasympathetic stimulation causes not only excessive secretion from the nasal gland but also vasodilatation and engorgement, which lead to rhinorrhoea and congestion of nose. The autonomic nervous system, which supplies the nasal mucosa, is under the control of the hypothalamus. Therefore, emotions play significant role in nonallergic rhinitis.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Up-date on neuro-immune mechanisms involved in allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. - PubMed - NCBI )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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